Introduction:
“Autistic burnout” describes a state of disabling physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion experienced by autistic individuals, resulting from the demands associated with living in a predominantly non-autistic world. These demands may include excessive sensory input, differences in communication and social interaction, unexpected changes in routines, and lack of reasonable accommodations. Consequences of autistic burnout include reduced tolerance to sensory input, difficulties with self-care and speech, social isolation, and more pronounced autistic characteristics. Autistic burnout can persist for months or even years, limiting participation in work, studies, and social activities, affecting autistic people throughout their lives and severely impacting their mental health, well-being, independence, and quality of life. (MANTZALAS et al., 2023).
Prevalence and Impact of Autistic Burnout:
Although the exact prevalence of autistic burnout remains unknown, estimates indicate that a significant percentage of the global autistic population may be affected by this condition. This lack of concrete data highlights the urgent need for research and awareness on the topic. Anecdotal reports suggest that the number of autistic people who experience burnout may be even higher than current estimates, highlighting the importance of further understanding this condition (MANTZALAS et al., 2023).
Risk Factors and Challenges in Managing Autistic Burnout:
Research suggests that a lack of awareness about autism in social, health, and family systems can influence the onset and recurrence of burnout. This is due to unrealistic expectations, misdiagnosis, and inadequate support for autistic individuals. Autistic adults are more likely to develop co-occurring mental health conditions, but they often report negative experiences in health care systems and distrust of professionals. Reasons for this include insufficient training and knowledge about autism, negative attitudes toward autism, previous misdiagnosis, lack of available specialists, and reluctance to provide flexible care to accommodate the sensory and communication needs of autistic individuals. Despite the global prevalence of autism, health care professionals admit that they receive little or no formal training on the subject, which contributes to low self-reported confidence and competence in treating autistic patients. It is possible that health care professionals without experience working with autistic individuals are also unaware of autistic burnout. (MANTZALAS et al., 2023).
Consequences of Autistic Burnout:
Autistic burnout can have devastating consequences for autistic individuals, leading to loss of skills, social isolation, difficulties in work and academic pursuits, and mental health problems. A lack of awareness about autism in society and communities can contribute to autistic burnout, especially when the needs of autistic people are disregarded or ignored. The widespread lack of understanding and acceptance of autism in society also fuels negative stereotypes and stigma, contributing to the high rates of bullying and interpersonal victimization faced by autistic people. Stigma from close family members, spouses, or friends can be internalized and prevent autistic people from disclosing their diagnosis, limiting necessary accommodations and increasing the risk of autistic burnout (MANTZALAS et al., 2023).
Prevention and Recovery Strategies:
Prevention and recovery from autistic burnout requires a multifaceted approach that addresses risk factors and promotes the well-being of autistic people. Effective strategies include raising awareness about autism, providing individualized support and reasonable accommodations, promoting self-understanding and the development of coping mechanisms, and ensuring access to mental health services tailored to the needs of autistic people. It is essential that health professionals, family members, friends, and society at large are informed about autistic burnout and are prepared to offer support and understanding to those struggling with this condition. (MANTZALAS et al., 2023).
Conclusion :
Autistic burnout is a complex and challenging condition that significantly impacts the lives of autistic individuals. Research and awareness on the topic are essential to ensure that autistic people receive the support and adaptations they need to thrive. It is crucial that society recognizes and addresses the factors that contribute to autistic burnout, fostering a more inclusive and understanding environment for all autistic individuals. (MANTZALAS et al., 2023).
Reference:
MANTZALAS, J.; RICHDALE, AL; DISSANAYAKE, C. Examining subjective understandings of autistic burnout using Q methodology: A study protocol. PLoS ONE, v. 18, no. 5, p. e0285578, 2023.
