Neural pruning, also known as neuronal apoptosis, is a natural and essential process that occurs in the brain during development. It is as if the brain is “pruning” the neural connections that are not used, to strengthen those that are most important.
Process:
- It begins in childhood and continues until adolescence.
- It involves eliminating neurons and synapses (connections between neurons) that are not used frequently.
- This “cleaning” allows the brain to become more efficient and specialized in its functions.
Benefits:
- Improves communication between neurons.
- Increases learning and memory capacity.
- Allows the brain to specialize in specific areas.
Relationship with Autism:
- Research suggests that neural pruning may be atypical in people with autism.
- This can lead to an excess of neural connections, which can contribute to autism symptoms.
Factors influencing neural pruning:
- Genetics.
- Experiences and environment.
Important:
- Neural pruning is a natural and necessary process for brain development.
- There is no way to directly intervene in neural pruning.
- However, it is possible to stimulate brain development and optimize the neural pruning process through:
- Enriching experiences: reading, music, social activities, etc.
- Stimulation of learning: games, educational games, etc.
- Positive and welcoming environment: family, social and educational support.
By understanding neural pruning, we can promote healthy brain development and contribute to a better quality of life for everyone.
Additional Resources:
- Dr. Deborah Kerches – Neural pruning in adolescence and ASD: https://dradeborahkerches.com.br/poda-neural-na-adolescencia-e-tea/
- Neuro+Conecta – Brain plasticity and neural pruning: https://neuroconecta.com.br/plasticidade-cerebral-e-poda-neural-compreenda-a-conexao-com-o-tea/
