Biology teaches us that each human being is unique, a complex mosaic shaped by genes and genetic variations. But does this mean that we all have the same genes and the same genetic variants, known as SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms)? The answer, as you can probably imagine, is more intriguing than a simple “yes” or “no”.
Although we share a fundamental set of genes, individuality lies in the different combinations and variants that each individual presents. Imagine a huge puzzle with unique pieces, where each person receives their own set. The pieces can have different shapes and colors, representing variations in our genes.
It’s true that some people may not have a specific gene. This occurs due to genetic mutations that may have occurred in previous generations or even during embryonic development. These mutations can have different effects, from imperceptible to more serious, depending on the gene in question.
However, the complete absence of genes is a rare event. The most common is the presence of SNPs, small changes in the DNA sequence that can influence the function of a gene. These variations are responsible for our immense diversity, from eye and hair color to susceptibility to disease and response to medications.
Therefore, the statement that we all have the same genes and SNPs is incorrect. We are, yes, a complex and unique set of genetic variations, shaped by our evolutionary history and individual experiences. This diversity is the essence of our humanity, the source of our wealth and the basis for building a more tolerant and inclusive world.
Understanding our genes and SNPs opens the door to advances in medicine, pharmacology and even psychology. By unlocking the secrets of our DNA, we can personalize treatments, predict diseases and even better understand the nuances of human behavior.
