By: Dr. Andréa Melo
Bruxism is a condition characterized by involuntary grinding or clenching of the teeth, usually during sleep. Its effects include tooth wear, facial pain, headaches, and sleep disturbances. While several factors such as stress, smoking, and sleep apnea are known to trigger bruxism, recent studies indicate a significant link between autism and a higher prevalence of the condition.
What explains the relationship between autism and bruxism?
Studies show that people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have up to 3.6 times more risk of developing bruxism compared to neurotypical children. Although the exact causes are not yet fully understood, there are hypotheses about the factors that could influence this relationship:
- Prevalence of emotional problems : Anxiety, often seen in autistic people, can contribute to increased bruxism.
- Specific oral habits : Behaviors such as biting toys, sucking and mouth breathing, common among autistic children, may be associated with the development of bruxism.
- Sleep changes : Problems related to sleep quality, often seen in people with ASD, can worsen or trigger bruxism.
The importance of treating bruxism in children
Although bruxism is often associated with adults, it is also common in children, especially those with ASD. Ignoring the condition in childhood can have serious consequences for the child’s dental development and overall well-being.
Childhood bruxism can:
- Compromise the development of teeth and dental arches;
- Disrupt sleep, affecting growth and physical recovery;
- Increase stress and anxiety, worsening emotional problems.
Approach to treating childhood bruxism
Treating bruxism in children requires a careful and personalized approach. In addition to protecting teeth and relieving symptoms, the goal is to improve quality of life and prevent future complications.
Professional monitoring, including regular appointments with a dentist, is essential to identify and treat the condition effectively. Methods such as the use of customized splints, adjustments in daily habits and interventions to improve sleep quality can be applied according to each case.
Conclusion
The relationship between autism and bruxism highlights the importance of early and thorough assessment in children with ASD. Treating bruxism early helps prevent future problems and contributes to a better quality of life, both in the short and long term.
