Summary
Human intelligence is a complex and multifaceted characteristic, difficult to define by a single area of study. This article explores intelligence through the lens of human evolution, looking at how the brain and environment play crucial roles in shaping this ability. The research highlights the importance of technological, social and cultural advances in shaping intelligence over time.
Keywords: Evolution, Intelligence, Brain, Anthropology, Genetics.
Introduction
Understanding human evolution requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving genetics, paleontology and ecology. The study of fossils, along with advances in molecular biology, has allowed a deeper understanding of the biological and behavioral transformations that have shaped our species. Intelligence, a central aspect of this evolution, is influenced by both DNA and the environment (1146-Texto del artícul…).
The Relationship between Genetics and Intelligence
DNA, present in the nucleus of each cell, contains all the genetic information necessary for the development and functioning of living beings. Research shows that certain genetic variations are associated with superior cognitive abilities. Tests using DNA from people with no connection to each other, but with genetic similarities, demonstrated that genetics is a significant factor in the development of intelligence (1146-Texto del artícul…).
The Role of the Environment in the Evolution of Intelligence
The environment also has a fundamental influence on intelligence. The need to adapt to different habitats, such as forests and savannas, forced hominids to develop complex skills, such as tool creation and social cooperation. These environmental pressures have led to increased brain size and the development of complex internal brain structures, facilitating the ability to abstract, plan and solve problems (1146-Texto del artícul…).
Technological and Social Advances
The ability to harness fire, create tools, and develop language were crucial milestones in human evolution. The mastery of fire, for example, allowed man to survive in hostile environments, improve diet and develop stable communities. Language, in turn, facilitated the transmission of knowledge and large-scale cooperation, essential for the survival and progress of the species (1146-Texto del artícul…).
Theories of Intelligence
Several theories seek to explain intelligence. The g-factor theory, proposed by Charles Spearman, suggests that intelligence is composed of the ability to solve problems and acquire knowledge. Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligence states that intelligence encompasses several areas, such as logical-mathematical, spatial and musical. Robert Sternberg’s triarchic theory identifies three fundamental components: analytical, creative and practical. These theories reflect the complexity and multifactoriality of human intelligence (1146-Texto del artícul…).
Conclusion
Human intelligence is a product of the complex interaction between genetics and environment. Evolution has shaped our brains and cognitive abilities in unique ways, allowing us to adapt and survive in a wide range of environments. Understanding these evolutionary processes is essential to appreciating the diversity and depth of human intelligence.
References :
Rodrigues, F. de AA (2021). Human evolution – intelligence as a determinant. Ciencia Latina Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal, 5(6), 10943-10963. DOI: 10.37811/cl_rcm.v5i6.1146.
Dr. Fabiano de Abreu Agrela Rodrigues MRSB holds a post-PhD in Neuroscience and is an elected member of Sigma Xi – The Scientific Research Honor Society (more than 200 members of Sigma Xi have received the Nobel Prize), as well as being a member of the Society for Neuroscience in the United States, the Royal Society of Biology and The Royal Society of Medicine in the United Kingdom, the European Society of Human Genetics in Vienna, Austria, and the APA – American Philosophical Association in the United States. He holds a Master’s degree in Psychology and a Bachelor’s degree in History and Biology. He is also a Technologist in Anthropology and Philosophy, with several national and international degrees in Neuroscience and Neuropsychology. Dr. Fabiano is a member of prestigious high IQ societies, including Mensa International, Intertel, ISPE High IQ Society, Triple Nine Society, ISI-Society, and HELLIQ Society High IQ. He is the author of more than 300 scientific studies and 30 books. He is currently a visiting professor at PUCRS in Brazil, UNIFRANZ in Bolivia and Santander in Mexico. He also serves as Director of CPAH – Centro de Pesquisa e Análises Heráclito and is the creator of the GIP project, which estimates IQ through the analysis of genetic intelligence. Dr. Fabiano is also a registered journalist, having his name included in the book of records for achieving four records, one of which is for being the greatest creator of characters in the history of the press.