Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are progressive conditions that affect the nervous system, resulting in the gradual loss of neurons. These diseases can arise at different stages of life, from childhood and adolescence to adulthood and senility, and are triggered by a variety of factors, including genetic predisposition, abnormal proteins, oxidative stress and exposure to toxic substances (CARVALHO et al., 2021).
NDs share common characteristics, such as neuronal loss and the presence of misfolded proteins in the brain, but also have distinct symptoms and progression patterns, depending on the anatomical region affected and the type of protein involved. In childhood and adolescence, NDs comprise a heterogeneous group of rare disorders that can affect several areas of the central nervous system, including the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, brainstem, cerebellum and spinal cord (CARVALHO et al., 2021). The early and accurate diagnosis of these conditions is essential for the development of effective therapeutic interventions and for improving the quality of life of patients and their families.
In adulthood, population aging and increased life expectancy have contributed to the increasing prevalence of NP, such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis. These diseases, in addition to causing great suffering to patients and their families, also represent a challenge for health systems, due to the high costs associated with their treatment and care (CARVALHO et al., 2021). Continued research and development of new therapies are crucial to address this challenge and improve the quality of life for people affected by these conditions.
Refereencia:
CARVALHO, Luiz Felipe Chaves; KOSTIC, Velibor; RODRIGUES, Fabiano de Abreu Agrela. Neurodegenerative diseases associated with the stages of life. Contribuciones a las Ciencias Sociales, v. 16, no. 7, pp. 6741-6749, 2023.
